For most of deep time, spreading ridges released more carbon than volcano chains, changing how we interpret Earth’s climate history.

Scientists at the University of Southampton have uncovered evidence from ancient rocks that Earth's climate continued to fluctuate during its most extreme ice age—known as Snowball Earth. During the ...

Even when Earth was locked in a global deep freeze, its climate may have kept moving. Ancient rocks reveal seasonal and decade scale cycles beneath the ice during Snowball Earth.

New Curtin University research has revealed how massive ancient glaciers acted like giant bulldozers, reshaping Earth's surface and paving the way for complex life to flourish. The key to unlocking ...

For decades, geologists labeled a billion-year stretch of Earth’s history—from 1.8 to 0.8 billion years ago—as the “Boring Billion.” They assumed not much occurred during the time: mountain building ...

Millions of years before blue oceans and wandering continents, the Earth in its early days was a molten, tumultuous planet — a roiling mixture of rock and metal condensing within the nascent solar ...

New method reveals chemical signs of early microbial life in ancient Earth rocks, showing photosynthesis evolved much earlier than believed.

Hundreds of millions of years before dinosaurs, the tallest things on land were not trees or animals but towering, trunk-like ...